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The Science of Water Hardness: Testing Boreholes in Africa
The Science of Water Hardness: Testing Boreholes in Africa Across much of Africa, boreholes are a lifeline. They tap the aquifers that keep homes, schools, farms, and clinics running when surface water is unreliable. But one quiet variable shapes how that water behaves in kettles, pipes, and treatment units: water hardness—the amount of dissolved calcium…